LRIT Explained
Long-range identification and tracking (LRIT)
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) established the Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT) system under SOLAS Regulation V/19-1 to globally identify and track ships to enhance maritime safety, security, and environmental protection.
The LRIT system allows Flag States, Port States, and Coastal States to track the position of ships globally. It is primarily used to:
- Identify and track ships via satellite communications
- Monitor maritime traffic and vessel movement
- Respond to emergencies or security threats
How It Works
Ships transmit position reports at regular intervals (6 hours) to their Flag Data Centre. These are forwarded authorised users (e.g., the Flag Administration) via the International LRIT Data Exchange.
Who Must Comply with LRIT?
The LRIT requirement applies to the following ships engaged in international voyages:
- All passenger ships, including high-speed craft
- Cargo ships of 300 gross tonnage and above
- Mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs)
What Information Must Be Transmitted?
Ships must automatically transmit LRIT data to their LRIT Data Centre every 6 hours, This data includes:
- Identity of the ship (Name, IMO)
- Position of the ship (latitude and longitude) and speed
- Date and time of the reported position
- Ship type
Ship Owner Responsibilities
Shipowners must ensure the following:
- Equip the ship with LRIT-compliant terminal
- Have the terminal tested by an authorised Application Service Provider (ASP)
- Obtain a Conformance Test Report (CTR) after successful testing
- Carry the CTR onboard at all times
- Maintain regular LRIT reporting, except under specific conditions
- Notify the Flag Administration if reporting is to be suspended for any reason (e.g., ship laid up)